The Case of Embodied versus Disembodied Technology Acquisition
نویسندگان
چکیده
This paper analyzes the choice between different external technology sourcing activities of a firm. On one hand, the firm can acquire new technology which is embodied in personnel. On the other hand, the firm can obtain new technology disembodied through a licensing agreement or by outsourcing the technology development from an R&D contractor. Building on Cassiman and Veugelers (2006), we test whether embodied and disembodied technology acquisitions are complementary activities or rather behave as substitute technology acquisition alternatives. We find that while internal and external technology acquisition are complementary innovation activities, the actual choice of external technology sourcing between embodied or disembodied modes is substitutive for smaller firms. The evidence for larger firms suggests that different external technology sourcing activities are complementary, but in this case the results are suggestive although not strongly significant. * Professor, General Management, IESE, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven and CEPR ** European Commission (BEPA), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven and CEPR
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